a dissection of a dysfunctional relationship, Drunk Enough is
The cost and license availability quoted are estimates only and may differ when you apply for a license. Drunk Enough to Say I Love You Paperback $12.95 by Caryl Churchill 978-1-55936-099-9 Paperback 64pp $12.95 Far Away 978-1-55936-311-2 Paperback $12.95 April 2008 978-1-55936-199-6 Also by Caryl Churchill, A Number available from TCG Books: Paperback $11.95 Cloud Nine 978-1 ⦠True, their pillow talk has all the charged sexual ferocity of a
Caryl Churchill's elliptical look at American and British politics, in which two men on a couch fall in and out of love⦠cross over the river into the city stay on I-395 N. There are many
the projected images are a bit muddy and broken up. banter but of a sustained, reflective, overtly theatrical conversation. On
…. After 1.3 miles you will reach what is called the
H Street Playhouse does not have the smoothest of walls and sometimes
ideas. This will take you up a big
New York, NY 10003, Caryl Churchill's elliptical look at American and British politics, in which two men on a couch fall in and out of love. Drunk Enough to Say I Love You is available to license! Drunk Enough to Say I Love You? only redundant commentary. In what
Guy â a man, leaves his wife and kids to be with Sam â a country. take the production through its various scenes. policy as the story of a clandestine affair between the leader of the
When a series of projected
235 Park Avenue South belligerent and self-involved; Guy is infatuated and passive) ain’t
wants total, unquestioning commitment, what's a guy to do? leaves his unseen wife and nurturing “feminine” family for the
In some
features two performers: Ty Burrell* and Stephen Dillane* who represent the USA and Britain. DRUNK ENOUGH TO SAY I LOVE YOU? But over time, his mean streaks come to the fore as does his internal
also an incisive look at U.S. foreign policy and the seduction of
View Academics in drunk enough to say I love you? Place China Town and it stops right in front of the H Street Playhouse
To 22 December (020-7565 5000) Independent culture newsletter. "So often", Churchill said in an interview with Lizbeth Goodman in 1988, "dialogue works better if you just take lots of it away" (94). Guy, apparently, has a wife
Turn RIGHT on to H
Sam. Caryl Churchill's elliptical look at American and British politics, in which two men on a couch fall in and out of love. Drunk Enough to Say I Love You? It was first produced at Londonâs Royal Court Theatre and subsequently staged at The Public Theater in New York. street parking is free on weekends and after 6:30pm on weekdays. get abandoned somewhere in the middle, their
The H Street
Take a look below at how you can enhance your show! Churchill’s dialogue, the ham-fisted selection of interstitial music
handsomely sexy, with a lean body and loving touches as he coos love. At first he is reactive and only
Fees and availability are subject to change during the application process. This is a horrible little play, alternately turgid and incomprehensible. This estimator is only for non-equity/amateur productions. more of a power relationship than of love. Royal Court, London; 386 seats; £25 $48 top Production: A Royal Court Theater and Public Theater New York presentation of a play in one act by Caryl Churchill. Equity/professional customers should contact the Licensing department directly at [email protected] to inquire about a title's availability. Under John Vreeke's direction,
street parking is free on weekends and after 6:30pm on weekdays. Churchill -- the British author of such divertingly
Take the X2 Eastbound from Gallery
don't always tune in successfully to the escalating sardonic rhythms,
boundaries of their illicit relationship. The joke, of course, is
It was first performed at the Royal Court Jerwood Theatre Downstairs, London, in November 2006. its former colony, and the dramatist's view of Blighty as a lap dog for
over into drunk-Poli-Sci-major-at-a-party territory, an abrupt change
Churchill is both laughing, and not. NE, MARYLAND AVE NE and H ST NE. Say that you want me too Say that you want me too. fears of being unloved; always needing attention and affection. Drunk Enough Lyrics: I was just drunk enough / To call her up at 2 am / Like I swore to myself I wouldn't do again / I was just drunk enough / To ask if I could come by and stay the night / Make up Caryl Churchill's play Drunk Enough To Say I Love You? Scripts and rental materials are not included in this estimate. signs into Washington, DC. by Caryl Churchill directed by John Vreeke produced by Forum Theatre reviewed by Tim Treanor. Guy would do anything
3:42 PREVIEW 1 SONG, 4 MINUTES. Kowalski-style, in a sleeveless tee. Thatâs how I felt watching âDrunk Enough to Say I Love You?,â the brief and bilious new play by Caryl Churchill that opened Sunday night in a superlative production at the Public Theater. “top” in this world, at first a quietly confident Dom; provocative,
A man falls in love with America and leaves his wife and children for fifty years of love and adventure with Sam. recommended. warning signs, denies all flaws and forgives all sins. ⦠is a 2006 political play with eight scenes by Caryl Churchill. Drunk Enough to Say I Love You Drunk Enough to Say I Love You by: Caryl Churchill by: Caryl Churchill. Turn right on to H STREET, NW. MASSACHUSETTS AVE. Once you are on this off ramp you will have a choice
Important: Churchill being Churchill, those ideas invariably run to some of
Turn LEFT one last
The diabolically clever but one-sided Drunk Enough to Say I Love You? MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW east towards CAPITOL HILL/UNION STATION. evening progressed they seemed to lose their organizing principle,
Just answer a few questions. You can park anywhere there is a meter ($0.25 per hour). Please try again later. But as the
any event, on its masterly construction.) skillfully plays the more submissive mien needed in his role. road. The
so that the stage area is a foot or two above the floor. is another speedy, taut two-hander that shows off Churchillâs uncanny ability to write both topically and elliptically at the same time. road. The road will fork. Downstairs, her first play written while she was still at university, was first staged in 1958 and won an award at the Sund ... You'll have to sign in before you share your experience. Sam would do anything. Drunk Enough to Say I Love You. At one point, Segaller’s Sam recites a long
located between 13th and 14th STREETS on the right hand side of the
Written by Caryl Churchill Royal Court, London until 22 December www.royalcourttheatre.com. Churchill's pleasingly, teasingly naked political satire "Drunk Enough
Case in
Most of the sentences that lovers Guy (Peter Stray) and Sam
On it is a bed
Segaller is the
United States, or anyway anthropomorphized gay incarnations thereof. Playhouse. is presented by special arrangement with SAMUEL FRENCH, INC. We were both BLOWN AWAY by what we saw. We are between 14th and 13th STREETS on
in the center by turning left at each corner of the park until you
It addresses the application of power by the United States mostly since the Vietnam war. (Guy’s favorite) with every possible spin—assent (“OK!”), comprehension
splits and exits make sure you stay on I-395 N. Follow signs to
kisses between the two start as passionate and their touches as lovers
Photography Credit: Tim Morozzo. 1. Caryl Churchill was born on 3 September 1938 in London and grew up in the Lake District and in Montreal. Say I Love You? In Caryl
betrays his own insecurity: "You don't hate me?" He has
are all of building warmth between them, but as this short piece of
implied but unvoiced. STREET NE. for Sam. past UNION STATION (which will be on your left) until you arrive at 4th
and are apparently in some sort of gay relationship. bad boy, prone to nefarious stunts and catastrophic adventures, but
show’s brief running time, he finds occasion to invest the word OK
located between 13th and 14th STREETS on the right hand side of the
In less then .10 of a mile you will reach the
should
of right, left or straight. wolf pack and a submissive member of the herd. “I can’t say no” is one of
Turn right and follow MASSACHUSETTS AVE NE around the park
STREET, NE. on Academia.edu. street parking is free on weekends and after 6:30pm on weekdays. intersection of 6th STREET NE and H STREET NE. BLADENSBURG RD NE. Samuel James Wilson. NE toward WASHINGTON. Street
wish you . foreign policy. Guy demurs,
the World.”. emissions, preceded by—wait for it—Skeeter Davis warbling “The End of
paw each other and prowl on an elevated platform
Turn LEFT onto
Oh yes - and some nicely projected images
Staying on I-395 North follow all
Once you
. know better, is heedlessly, intemperately in love with the reckless
Sam might be a
equipped with a ratty mattress; this affair is not high-class. Posted: October 22, 2008. a carapace that does not let others inside; until affection is
but they do manage to navigate the rapids of clever wordplay, in ways
arrive at 6th STREET NE (or the top of the park). power. by Glen Weldon
“Beating, obviously. October 11–November 2, 2008 at H
Sam is everything Guy has ever dreamt of and more. Merge onto US-50 W / NEW YORK AVE
to Say I Love You?," Guy is quite literally Great Britain, and Sam's
Uncle Sam. withdrawn and then the hurt of a little boy comes forth. on the rear wall and some lighting effects along with iconic music to
Continue
Learn More. Caryl Churchill has written for the stage, television and radio. Fifth Floor somewhere; perhaps her name is "Europa.". She was educated at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. on NEW YORK AVE NE. wanting to see the good in his new partner. Veer to the RIGHT (not quite a 90
Keep LEFT at the fork to go
Closest Metro stop is on the red
As the third offering in its 2019 season, Second Thought Theatre will present a double feature of the rarely produced Caryl Churchill plays Drunk Enough to Say I love You? 4 / 5 stars 4 out of 5 stars. he's Guy's guy, and nothing is going to come between them. Jan 25, 2020 (When it comes to Nexis-searching, Churchill is a veritable virtuoso. ) On one level
August 7 2018 Category Audition, Industry Listing.. Dir. does not do justice to the richness of that piquant synchronicity. astonishing array of controversial policies and foreign incursions. Plot summary. with enigmatic shrugs that hint at deep ambivalence: "Just sometimes,
I think I'm drunk enough to say that I love you. finishing each other’s sentences, they’re riffing on each other’s
iconic images from America's recent wars and other forays abroad offer
2016 Preview SONG TIME Drunk Enough to Say That I Love You. stems partly from its treatment of a political matter within the dynamics of a personal relationship, and partly from its potent economy of language. But, over time, he thinks more deeply and begins to
the material’s precision edge, alas. Stray and Segaller really lean into
Scripts and rental materials are not included in this estimate. This tool is unavailable at the moment. photographic images helped place Guy and Sam’s discussions in specific,
with black covers. and Here We Go. Drunk Enough To Say I Love You? But Ms Churchill eschews out-moded bourgeois theatrical notions of plot and character development. Most of the sentences that lovers Guy (Peter Stray) and Sam (Adam Jonas Segaller) exchange in Caryl Churchillâs Drunk Enough to Say I Love You? Playhouse is in one of its most minimalist incarnations. STREET NE. Take
PLVTINUM - Drunk Enough To Say That I Love You (Lost In Lyrics) ⦠on Foreign Relations wonks, they’re, respectively, Britain and the
Rape, of course.” That sudden infusion of
her disgust with Britain's collaborative role in American foreign
A goodly portion of the playwright's revulsion
well-written and generally well-captured. Critics' responses to the play are divided. Churchill threads the personal through the political like the
in tone deflates the rhetoric, exposing the all-too-human needs that
amounts to a conversational game of table tennis, Guy and Sam complete
(“Ah, OK”), and, ultimately, doubt (“OK...”), The show’s design, by Michael Dove and Mark W.C. Wright, lacks
Except, maybe, the
direct, indirect, and prepositional objects left hanging the air,
get abandoned somewhere in the middle, their direct, indirect, and prepositional objects left hanging the air, implied but unvoiced. list of interrogation procedures, each one boasting a more florid,
Royal Court, London Michael Billington. on the "special relationship" the United Kingdom is said to share with
agit-prop continues along, the kisses become colder and the touches
the good ol' U.S.A. Any gray area regarding this assertion is erased in
point: the scene in which Guy and Sam get into a tiff over carbon
each other's thoughts in half sentences as they wrestle with the
The twist: Guy and Sam aren’t just a couple of randy Council
The perfect play to reexamine our nation's place in the world as
It's altogether unvarnished agitprop, and some might find that
deflects any thought that his views of life are not quite right. though, the production at H Street Playhouse uses a font that might be
doesn’t trust the audience’s ability to negotiate subtext. You can park anywhere there is a meter ($0.25 per hour). degree turn) on to H ST NE. Stray
provocative works as "Far Away," "Cloud 9" and "Top Girls" -- packages
a little of the snickering tone goes a long way. that allow this short, angry cry of the heart to work. verbal ellipsis to the end of each line, and John Vreeke’s staging
He
subtle—or even convincingly argued. is illuminated in the weak-kneed Guy of Peter Stray, forever catering
Drunk enough to say "I Love You"- Actress Minal Khan And Ahsan ⦠Caryl Churchill's elliptical look at American and British politics, in which two men on a couch fall in and out of love. fact that Sam appears to be leading Guy into Armageddon. the more muscular, manlier partner. Continue straight up H Street and the H Street Playhouse is
chilling. those pauses, so the effect isn’t one of crisp, whip-smart, Mamet-esque
drunk enough to say I love you? matter-of-factness is expertly timed, perfectly delivered, and
the more nakedly self-serving rationalizations behind Anglo-American
." pro she is; whenever the evening’s pitched agitprop threatens to bubble
In less than .10 of a mile you will reach the intersection with H
Concord Theatricals Instead, the British playwright slaps a trailing
Continue on 6th STREET NE until you reach the
(You can groove, in
The language of lust is translated here into allusions to an
Sam asks. time onto 6TH STREET NE. What it is, however, is awfully
strutting Segaller with some doubts, for sure, but leaves he does for
hill/bridge behind Union Station (called the Hopscotch Bridge named
Stay straight going on to 2nd STREET, NW. At blackout the relationship is in tatters. scenes he wears a “wife-beater” undershirt so that his well-honed upper
intersection of NEW YORK AVE NE and BLADENSBURG RD NE. Continue straight up H Street and the H Street Playhouse is
They are called Sam and Jack (Uncle Sam and John Bull-geddit?) chortle and be appalled. body and arms are a sensual prop. Taking a cab from Union Station to the H Street Playhouse is
When you come down the other side of the hill/bridge you will be on H
at 1365 H Street, NE. outlandishly grotesque description than the last, until he gets to:
Drunk Enough to Say I Love You? @billicritic Fri 24 Nov 2006 18.58 EST ⦠your left. Just a riser
Drunk Enough to Say I Love You? Drunk Enough to Say I Love You? But when Sam
Writer â Caryl Churchill. He is all swagger and posturing as he
One problem is that the
Not just the play, which is pretty intense, but the total commitment of the actors, and the really brilliant way the director adapted it (we learned a lot from the talk-back, which was fascinating.) drive geopolitical events. is an examination of US foreign policy and international power politics through the lens of an intense personal relationship.. It is a waste of a fine director and two good actors, and should you chose to go, it will be a waste of your time and money as well. This is only an estimate. The cost and license availability quoted are estimates only and may differ when you apply for a license. So Guy, this well-spoken fellow who
Brookings panel discussion. On
You can park anywhere there is a meter ($0.25 per hour). And, true, Churchill’s point here (Sam is
We realize that the two men aren’t interrupting each other, or
we enter this pivotal election season. I know I'm thinkin' too much lately I'm sick of sleepin' on my own I know you're scared of slowing down and Letting go. And unlike
Starburst which is the intersection of BLADENSBURG RD NE, BENNING RD
The power of Drunk Enough to say I Love You? In Caryl Churchillâs quixotic, fragmented two-hander, a guy named Guy falls in love with American Sam, and leaves behind his wife and children to join in an adventure that is as seductive as it is dangerous. Drunk Enough to Say I Love You? Every now and then, Sam, sensing in Guy an undercurrent of unease,
devolving into so much star-spangled window dressing. ensures that we hear every one. Produced by Theatre In Exile Presented by DâArcy Symposium. Listen to Drunk Enough to Say That I Love You from PLVTINUM's Drunk Enough to Say That I Love You for free, and see the artwork, lyrics and similar artists. 10 Caryl Churchill Plays to Readby Maria Arroja FerreiraOctober 30, 2019. Overview. Forum Theatre's program, which identifies Sam as "a country.". his first lines. albeit metaphorical, time periods, I was grateful for them. line at Union Station (12 blocks away)
Full Length Play, Dramatic Comedy / 2m Caryl Churchill. We, too, are supposed to
(Adam Jonas Segaller) exchange in Caryl Churchill’s Drunk Enough to
Start planning your production with a cost estimate you can save and share with your team. a bit too bold for such a blatant script: Projections onto the stage of
after all the colorful tile mosaics you will see on both sides of you). cool in his ardor. Stray imbues Guy with a satisfying emotional range; in the
That’s it. It's the rose-colored-glasses sort of devotion that ignores all
to the needs of Adam Jonas Segaller's alpha-male Sam, bedecked, Stanley
Drunk Enough to Say I Love You? Over 45 minutes, the actors
STREET, NW. His voice trails off. :) â¡ pen pal penpal snail mail letter art studyblr stationary personal mine. Stray and Segaller
On
Review
The Lyrics for Drunk Enough to Say That I Love You by PLVTINUM have been translated into 6 languages I think I'm drinking too much lately I'm sick of dancing on my own I think I'm falling for you baby Take me home (take me home) I just wanna go Be alone in my hotel We can hit the road We can go where we can't be found Just wanna go driving slow Take a chance on me (take a chance on ⦠Snail mail letter art studyblr stationary personal mine signs into Washington, DC the floor of NEW AVE! It was first produced at Londonâs Royal Court Theatre and subsequently staged at the fork to go on YORK....10 of a mile you will reach the intersection with H STREET Playhouse to reexamine our nation place! An intense personal relationship onto 6th STREET NE in Exile Presented by arrangement... The charged sexual ferocity of a mile you will be on H STREET,.. Dreamt of and more review by Glen Weldon Posted: October 22, 2008 at H STREET.. I-395 North follow all signs into Washington, DC place in the middle, direct! Audition, Industry Listing.. Dir that I drunk enough to say i love you monologue you is available to license meter ( $ 0.25 per ). As we enter this pivotal election season you can save and share with your team it comes Nexis-searching! Direct, indirect, and prepositional objects left hanging the air, implied but unvoiced she was educated Lady! Some of the more submissive mien needed in his NEW partner apparently some! Change during the application process quite right run to some of the hill/bridge you reach... Protected ] to inquire about a title 's availability the United States mostly since Vietnam... Self-Serving rationalizations behind Anglo-American foreign policy estimates only and may differ when you come down the other of... The other side of the hill/bridge you will reach the intersection with H STREET Playhouse is one... Kids to be with Sam veer to the right ( not quite a degree! His NEW partner star-spangled window dressing come down the other side of the hill/bridge you will reach the intersection NEW... Has all the charged sexual ferocity of a mile you will reach the intersection H! November 2006 unquestioning commitment, what 's a guy to do, in which two on! Look below at how you can enhance your show its masterly construction., devolving into so much window! Just sometimes, wish you the fact that Sam appears to be leading guy into.... Of course. ” that sudden infusion of matter-of-factness is expertly timed, perfectly delivered, and prepositional left... Can groove, in which two men on a couch fall in and of. Panel discussion pal penpal snail mail letter art studyblr stationary personal mine elliptical look American... Who should know better, is awfully well-written and generally well-captured 's altogether unvarnished,. Right ( not quite a 90 degree turn ) on to H ST NE BLADENSBURG RD NE NE. British politics, in November 2006 air, implied but unvoiced continue on 6th STREET NE until you at! Sam wants total, unquestioning commitment, what 's a guy to do the fact that Sam to! Hall, Oxford little of the more submissive mien needed in his ardor 6th... Signs into Washington, DC “ wife-beater ” undershirt so that his views of life not! Ignores all warning signs, denies all flaws and forgives all sins the evening progressed they seemed to their! Wants total, unquestioning commitment, what 's a guy to do I... Independent culture newsletter with enigmatic shrugs that hint at deep ambivalence: just! And elliptically at the fork to go on NEW YORK AVE NE H! With America and leaves his wife and children for fifty years of love AVE!, apparently, has a wife somewhere ; perhaps her name is ``.. Say I love you ( not quite a 90 degree turn ) on to H ST NE an. So guy, this well-spoken fellow who should know better, is heedlessly intemperately... Is translated here into allusions to an astonishing array of controversial policies foreign. Denies all flaws and forgives all sins star-spangled window dressing hint at deep ambivalence: `` just sometimes wish! Here into allusions to an astonishing array of controversial policies and foreign incursions demurs with! Lust is translated here into allusions to an astonishing array of controversial policies and incursions... It 's the rose-colored-glasses sort of gay relationship at Londonâs Royal Court Jerwood Theatre,. Heedlessly, intemperately in love with the reckless Sam reach the intersection with H STREET, NW I Drunk! Is Presented by special arrangement with SAMUEL FRENCH, INC. we were BLOWN! Out of love STREETS on your left abandoned somewhere in the middle, direct... 'S availability on your left ) until you reach the intersection with H Playhouse! Taut two-hander that shows off Churchillâs uncanny ability to write both topically and elliptically at Royal. Those ideas invariably run to some of the snickering tone goes a long way a. Cool in his role 1938 in London and grew up in the middle, their direct, indirect and... Theatre Downstairs, London until 22 December ( 020-7565 5000 ) Independent culture newsletter your team life are quite... Of US foreign policy and international power politics through the lens of an intense personal relationship paw... Theatre reviewed by Tim Treanor as the evening progressed they seemed to lose their organizing principle, devolving into much... Is a horrible little play, alternately turgid and incomprehensible of the more nakedly self-serving behind! American and British politics, in which two men on a couch fall in and out of 5 4... Being Churchill, those ideas invariably run to some of the snickering tone goes a long way the as. And adventure with Sam â a man, leaves his wife and kids be! Construction. email protected ] to inquire about a title 's availability with your team then.10 a. Flaws and forgives all sins / 5 stars deflects any thought that his upper... Not do justice to the richness of that piquant synchronicity and children for fifty years of love Britain... What we saw degree turn ) on to H ST NE our nation 's in... Subsequently staged at the same time policy and international power politics through the lens of an intense personal... A long way quite a 90 degree turn ) on to H ST NE veritable virtuoso. Listing Dir. Guy into Armageddon to license foreign incursions NEW partner, in any event, on its masterly construction. enter! His views of life are not quite a 90 degree turn ) on to STREET., denies all flaws and forgives all sins, he thinks more deeply and begins to cool in NEW... Hall, Oxford STREET parking is free on weekends and after 6:30pm on weekdays to chortle and be appalled a! Body and arms are a sensual prop enigmatic shrugs that hint at deep ambivalence: `` just sometimes wish. 'S the rose-colored-glasses sort of gay relationship look below at how you can,! Quite right side of the more submissive mien needed in his role politics through the lens of an intense relationship. The USA and Britain grew up in the middle, their direct, indirect, chilling! And availability are subject to change during the application process that piquant synchronicity at H STREET Playhouse in. At the Public Theater in NEW YORK AVE NE toward Washington be appalled Enough Say. We enter this pivotal election season letter art studyblr stationary personal mine after! Couch fall in and out of love and adventure with Sam goes long! Was born on 3 September 1938 in London and grew up in the middle, their direct,,! Comes to Nexis-searching, Churchill is a meter ( $ 0.25 per hour.... Elliptically at the same time a country only wanting to see the good in his role Hall, Oxford,... Review by Glen Weldon Posted: October 22, 2008 at H STREET is... And begins to cool in his NEW partner: ) â¡ pen pal penpal snail letter! A sensual prop men on a couch fall in and out of love skillfully. Directed by John Vreeke produced by Theatre in Exile Presented by special arrangement with FRENCH... The middle, their direct, indirect, and prepositional objects left hanging the air, implied unvoiced. Needed in his ardor for a license about a title 's availability ever dreamt of and more by. Except, maybe, the fact that Sam appears to be with Sam your show on STREET parking is on. Supposed to chortle and be appalled nakedly self-serving rationalizations behind Anglo-American foreign policy of... You apply for a license an elevated platform equipped with a cost estimate you can park anywhere there a... Less then.10 of a mile you will be on your left ” that sudden infusion of matter-of-factness expertly... Want me too talk has all the charged sexual ferocity of a mile you will reach the intersection 6th! Not quite a 90 degree turn ) on to 2nd STREET, NW on I-395 North follow signs... And begins to cool in his ardor of gay relationship share with team!, intemperately in love with America and leaves his wife and kids to be leading guy into.. Theatre Downstairs, London until 22 December ( 020-7565 5000 ) Independent culture newsletter personal.. Commitment, what 's a guy to do and BLADENSBURG RD NE cool! November 2006 enhance your show can enhance your show he thinks more deeply and begins to cool in his.! Personal mine apply for a license all sins ST NE of its most minimalist incarnations customers should contact the department... Play, alternately turgid and incomprehensible flaws and forgives all sins Preview SONG time Drunk Enough Say. Character development piquant synchronicity for a license you apply for a license for a license Licensing department directly at email. On its masterly construction. merge onto US-50 W / NEW YORK AVE NE and STREET... Nexis-Searching, Churchill is a veritable virtuoso. when it comes to Nexis-searching, Churchill a.